The United States is the largest consumer of oil in the world, with a value of consumed nearly 80 million barrels per day, and this figure is considered a quarter of the global production of oil and consumes 4% of the population of the earth as much as 25% of the world's oil. Petroleum source is due out oil to the micro-organisms that lived in the sea, where it is known that the Earth was the water fully immersed, and live in a variety of objects, and when the water receded and formed land remained these objects stuck on land with time buried in the ground and disintegrated by anaerobic bacteria, and formed a layer of muddy organic material, and with the passage of time and the presence of pressure and heat of this organic matter turned into oil and turning clay into sedimentary rocks, and there are some theories that explain be oil and shorten the three theories, is the biological theory and the theory of chemical and theoretical metal: theories oil theory biological be this theory put forward that the oil is from the remains of living organisms that were in ancient times, especially marine life that DVT and mixed with sand and other deposits, and over time turned into sedimentary rocks and suffered tremendous pressure from heat and other factors Vtkont sedimentary rocks which rock bearing within them the organic detritus that feature richness textured carbon and hydrogen, which turn into hydrocarbons that make up the oil and natural gas, and most importantly is the activity of anaerobic bacteria by the grabbing of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen from the tissue of living organisms; this theory is the most widely accepted among contemporary scholars for several reasons, namely: the oil fields are discovered often in sedimentary or close to the shores of the rocks. The oils that are extracted from the ground containing organic compounds. The oil extracted characteristic optical activity and this property is unique to organic materials. Mineral theory This theory holds that the oil is organic, and that the origin metal consists of water vapor, which exposed sediments carbides of metals present in the ground as a result, as the calcium carbide at its interaction with water is Alhedrkopon is saturated, but the deposits of carbides rare did not exist in huge quantities and sufficient to extract enormous quantities of petroleum which are still present in the ground. Chemical theory This theory assumes that in the old time combines hydrogen with carbon composed of hydrocarbons, and then spread into the ground and stockpiled, and assume that this theory is that the oil is all over the globe, and to the contrary to the Arabian Gulf region alone contains more than two-thirds the world's reserves have been confirmed, and it is not reasonable to living organisms for many degrees cover the earth's surface, and there are a lot of scientists who believe in this theory until it has been drilling at depths of more than five thousand meters in Russia, Sweden and the United States even confirm their theory but to no avail . Ways to get oil are obtained on oil by drilling wells, and different wells lengths by access to oil, and there are some wells that the oil comes out in a natural way, but these fields are carried out now and stayed rely on drilling; the oil extracted by pressing, and are put valves at the head plugged into the oil wells network pipes for storage, and called this method to draw the initial oil, there is technology that helps in increasing the reservoir pressure that contains oil through natural gas or air injection, or carbon dioxide, and no other way to extract the oil which is by reduce oil viscosity to increase production, and the other way is to heat the oil to be easy to be extracted by injecting water vapor warehouse. Petroleum date been drilled the first oil well in history in the fourth century AD in China, where oil was burned for the production of salt, and then was used bamboo Konabeb connected to the sources of salt water, in the tenth century, and in the eighth century used bitumen in paving roads in Baghdad, bitumen was oil comes after the nomination of operations, and in the ninth century oil production began economic ways for the first time in Baku-Azerbaijan. And began the modern history of the oil discovery of the distillation process, which was in 1853, and resulted in the distillation of petroleum kerosene by Ajbasi Lukasiewicz world Dutchman, was the establishment of the first mine in southern Poland Purbka, was building the first plant of the distillery in Aollazofiz, then rolled discoveries of oil, where the 1859, oil was discovered at the hands of Edwin Drake, which was evacuated was the invention of the internal combustion engines. Despite the discovery of oil but coal was months fuels in the year 1955 until the energy crisis occurred in the year 1973 led to making governments focused on the coverage of energy supply by other means resorted to the country, such as Germany and France, which produces electric power using nuclear reactors, the crisis highlighted that oil is a limited and can be implemented, however, oil use has increased and become a proportion of 90% of fuel for cars and electricity generation, and the importance of oil is that it was the cause of the outbreak of World war II and the war in Iraq and Iran, oil is the most important commodity in the present era and can not be dispensed with in the industry is a key material in the chemical industry. It is known that the largest oil reserves in the world resides in the Middle East, specifically in the Arab Gulf states, where their reserves estimated at 80%. Oil future of 58 million barrels of oil a day is the size of the world's consumption, which consume vehicles and transport and communications in the United States the largest proportion of the general quantitative her and that up to 21% of the world's oil, consuming industry, trade and other nearly 30%, released a body of global EWG, Stats It shows that global oil production reached its highest level during the years 2008/2011, and in the future will be reduced gradually, statistical and says that oil needs in 2020 will reach 100 million barrels per day, while production will be 60 million barrels per day, which will create a major crisis and the rise of oil price to reach its highest level, the Commission predicts that oil production will decline until it reaches 44 million barrels per day and will increase the consumption of up to 115 million barrels per day
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